{"id":3382,"date":"2021-05-13T19:22:53","date_gmt":"2021-05-13T17:22:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museum.jewishtimisoara.ro\/?post_type=project&p=3382"},"modified":"2021-05-20T19:26:40","modified_gmt":"2021-05-20T17:26:40","slug":"wilhelm-stepper-tristis","status":"publish","type":"project","link":"https:\/\/museum.jewishtimisoara.ro\/en\/project\/wilhelm-stepper-tristis\/","title":{"rendered":"Stepper-Tristis Wilhelm"},"content":{"rendered":"[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ fullwidth=”on” _builder_version=”4.9.1″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF90aXRsZSIsInNldHRpbmdzIjp7ImJlZm9yZSI6IiIsImFmdGVyIjoiIn19@” subhead=”3 septembrie 1899, Timi\u015foara \u2013 dup\u0103 1941?” text_orientation=”center” header_scroll_down=”on” scroll_down_icon_size=”35px” _builder_version=”4.9.2″ _dynamic_attributes=”title” _module_preset=”default” title_line_height=”1.8em” content_font=”||||||||” content_font_size=”18px” content_line_height=”2em” hover_enabled=”0″ sticky_enabled=”0″]

Scriitor, Ziarist, Critic literar \u0219i Activist pacifist<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_fullwidth_header][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.9.2″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.9.2″ _module_preset=”default” max_width=”80%” custom_padding=”10px||10px||true|false”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.9.2″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.9.2″ _module_preset=”default” link_font=”||||on||||” link_text_color=”#000000″ link_font_size=”17px” link_text_color__hover_enabled=”on|hover” link_text_color__hover=”#0A4DA3″]

Home<\/a> > Personalities<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.9.2″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.9.1″ _module_preset=”default” max_width=”100%”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.9.0″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_gallery gallery_ids=”3383″ hover_overlay_color=”rgba(10,77,163,0.6)” _builder_version=”4.9.2″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”||||||||” pagination_font=”|600|||||||” pagination_text_color=”#0A4DA3″ hover_enabled=”0″ title_text_color__hover_enabled=”on|hover” title_text_color__hover=”#0A4DA3″ sticky_enabled=”0″][\/et_pb_gallery][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.9.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”16px” width=”80%” max_width=”80%” module_alignment=”center” hover_enabled=”0″ sticky_enabled=”0″]

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Militant comunist \u00een tinere\u021be, s-a al\u0103turat armatei Republicii Sovietice Ungare, iar mai t\u00e2rziu, \u00een perioada interbelic\u0103 a fost o figur\u0103 proeminent\u0103 a vie\u021bii culturale din ora\u0219ul s\u0103u natal, Timi\u0219oara. Primul s\u0103u roman, \u201eBrom-Delirium\u201d a fost un portret, aclamat de critici, al stilului de via\u021b\u0103 boem. Ca antifascist Stepper-Tristis a parcurs Europa \u00een lung \u0219i \u00een lat, predic\u00e2nd pacifismul si adeziunea la Societatea Na\u021biunilor. A tr\u0103it o vreme \u00een Fran\u021ba, dar a dus, \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103, o via\u021b\u0103 de homeless \u0219i de hoinar. Dup\u0103 ocuparea Fran\u021bei de c\u0103tre Germania nazist\u0103, Stepper a aderat la Rezisten\u021ba francez\u0103, a fost arestat \u015fi a pierit probabil \u00eentr-un lag\u0103r de concentrare nazist.<\/span><\/p>
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Wilhelm (Vilmos sau Vily) Stepper s-a n\u0103scut \u00een anul 1899 la Timi\u0219oara, \u00eentr-o familie de comercian\u021bi evrei. La v\u00e2rsta de 18 ani, Stepper s-a \u00eenrolat \u00een armata austro-ungar\u0103 \u0219i a participat la Primul R\u0103zboi Mondial ca voluntar \u00een for\u021bele de artilerie pe frontul italian. A participat la a \u0218asea B\u0103t\u0103lie de la Isonzo. <\/span><\/p>
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\u00cen anul 1919, ca urmare a Revolu\u021biei Crizantemelor, Stepper a plecat la Budapesta, unde s-a \u00eenrolat \u00een Armata Ro\u0219ie Maghiar\u0103. C\u00e2nd interven\u021bia armatei rom\u00e2ne a pus cap\u0103t Republicii Ungare a Sfaturilor sub conducerea lui B\u00e9la Kun, el a p\u0103r\u0103sit capitala maghiar\u0103 \u0219i a peregrinat prin diferite zone ale Europei Centrale. <\/span><\/p>\n

Stepper a revenit \u00een Timi\u0219oara natal\u0103, care a devenit, \u00eentre timp, parte a Rom\u00e2niei Mari. A scris, ad\u0103ug\u00e2ndu-\u015fi numele Tristis, \u00een german\u0103 la \u201eTemeswarer Zeitung\u201d, la \u201ePester Lloyd\u201d, \u00een maghiar\u0103 la s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nalul de teatru \u201eKom\u00e9dia\u201d. \u00cen 1920 a publicat un volum de povestiri intitulat \u201eRitta\u201d. \u00cen anii 1920-1930 Stepper Tristis a mai colaborat la cotidianul \u00een limba maghiar\u0103 \u201eTemesv\u00e1ri Hirlap\u201d, la revista \u201eRiport\u201d, precum \u0219i la s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nalul lui Emil Br\u00e1zay, \u201eA Toll\u201d. A devenit o figur\u0103 popular\u0103 \u00een via\u021ba cultural\u0103 a ora\u0219ului. \u00cen 1924, Stepper a plecat la Paris, trec\u00e2nd prin Regatul s\u00e2rbo-croato-sloven \u0219i prin Italia, trimi\u021b\u00e2nd coresponden\u021be gazetelor din Timi\u0219oara. La un moment dat s-a stabilit la Nisa, unde a \u00eenfiin\u021bat o agen\u021bie turistic\u0103, apoi a locuit la Geneva, \u00een calitatea de colaborator al gazetei vieneze \u201eNeue Freie Presse\u201d c\u0103reia i-a trimis \u0219tiri \u0219i reportaje de la sediul Societ\u0103\u021bii Na\u021biunilor. <\/span><\/p>
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Fascinat de Fran\u021ba, Stepper a vizitat-o des \u0219i a frecventat cercurile boemei pariziene. Tr\u0103irile din acea perioad\u0103 au stat la baza romanului s\u0103u Brom-Delirium<\/i> (1926), publicat \u00een limba maghiar\u0103 la Timi\u0219oara, sub numele Tristis, \u0219i care i-a c\u00e2\u0219tigat admira\u021bia litera\u021bilor din Budapesta. Pe la 1928 Stepper a stat \u00een fruntea asocia\u021biei literare \u201eClubul Arti\u0219tilor\u201d din Timi\u0219oara care grupa laolalt\u0103 intelectuali locali germani, maghiari, evrei \u0219i s\u00e2rbi. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen 1930 Stepper-Tristis s-a stabilit \u00een Fran\u021ba. \u00cencep\u00e2nd din anul 1933, el a devenit un suporter activ al Societ\u0103\u021bii Na\u021biunilor. Stepper a petrecut o vreme la Milano \u0219i la Verona unde a fost arestat pentru vagabondaj, dup\u0103 ce a fost g\u0103sit dormind \u00een strad\u0103 \u0219i lipsit total de resurse. <\/span><\/p>
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Scurt timp \u00eenaintea izbucnirii celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial, a fost iar\u0103\u0219i arestat \u0219i de\u021binut la Nisa vreme de 30 zile. \u00cen acele zile a scris \u00een francez\u0103 un al doilea roman, Mon espace vital<\/i> (Spa\u021biul meu vital) despre peregrin\u0103rile sale mai ales \u00een Italia \u0219i Fran\u021ba, publicat la Paris. O nuvel\u0103 i-a fost tradus\u0103 \u00een maghiar\u0103 de c\u0103tre J\u00f3zsef M\u00e9liusz sub titlul Europai Idill<\/i> (Idil\u0103 european\u0103) \u0219i publicat\u0103 \u00een \u201eKorunk\u201d. Despre via\u021ba lui Stepper din acel moment \u00eencolo se \u015ftie pu\u021bin. \u00cen 1941 a fost arestat de Gestapo \u00eentr-o sta\u021bie de tren din Lyon \u015fi deportat \u00eentr-un lag\u0103r de concentrare nazist, unde se presupune c\u0103 a murit. <\/span><\/p>
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Opera lui Stepper a fost ignorat\u0103 \u00een Rom\u00e2nia postbelic\u0103, de\u0219i unele texte ale sale au fost traduse \u0219i republicate \u00een magazinul \u201eSecolul 20\u201d din Bucure\u0219ti. Interesul pentru scrierile sale a crescut \u00een secolul XXI datorit\u0103 cercet\u0103rilor scriitorului \u015fi criticului literar Adriana Babe\u021bi.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.9.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”16px” width=”80%” max_width=”80%” module_alignment=”center” hover_enabled=”0″ sticky_enabled=”0″]

Opere literare<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n